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立秋 Liqiu: literally means “start of autumn”
Liqiu signifies the beginning of autumn, which means that the hot summer is going by and the cool autumn is coming. However, Taiwan is in the humid subtropical climate zone, so the weather is still very hot. Liqiu usually begins on around August 7 and ends on around August 23.
「立秋」是節氣邁入秋涼的先聲，表示酷熱難熬的夏天即將過去，涼爽舒適的秋天就要來了。不過，因為台灣位處亞熱帶氣候，所以仍十分炎熱。立秋通常在國曆8月7日至8月23日。
Liqiu means a lot to Taiwanese people, whose livelihood depends on agriculture. It is the time when the first-phase rice paddy can be harvested. And the farmers of the second-phase rice paddy should finish sowing on the day of Liqiu, or the low temperature at the end of the growth period of rice will affect the harvest.
「立秋」節氣，對於以農立國的我們有著重要的意義，它意謂著一期稻作收穫的時節，種植二期稻作的農民也要趕在這天完成插秧，否則在生長末期遇到低溫，將會影響稻穀的飽滿度而減低收穫量。
Qixi Festival (Qiqiao Festival) 七夕(乞巧節)
Qixi is the Chinese Valentine's Day, a Chinese festival that celebrates the annual meeting of the Cowherd (Niulang) and the Weaving Maid (Zhinu) in Chinese mythology. It often rains on that day, which represents their tears with sorrow and happiness because they only meet once a year.
七夕也是中國的情人節，傳說牛郎織女兩星隔著銀河，每年農曆七月七日在鵲橋相會，因為一年只能見一次面，所以他們有說不清的悲傷，於是那天幾乎都會下雨，象徵兩人的淚水。
Liqiu signifies the beginning of autumn, which means that the hot summer is going by and the cool autumn is coming. However, Taiwan is in the humid subtropical climate zone, so the weather is still very hot. Liqiu usually begins on around August 7 and ends on around August 23.
「立秋」是節氣邁入秋涼的先聲，表示酷熱難熬的夏天即將過去，涼爽舒適的秋天就要來了。不過，因為台灣位處亞熱帶氣候，所以仍十分炎熱。立秋通常在國曆8月7日至8月23日。
Liqiu means a lot to Taiwanese people, whose livelihood depends on agriculture. It is the time when the first-phase rice paddy can be harvested. And the farmers of the second-phase rice paddy should finish sowing on the day of Liqiu, or the low temperature at the end of the growth period of rice will affect the harvest.
「立秋」節氣，對於以農立國的我們有著重要的意義，它意謂著一期稻作收穫的時節，種植二期稻作的農民也要趕在這天完成插秧，否則在生長末期遇到低溫，將會影響稻穀的飽滿度而減低收穫量。
Qixi Festival (Qiqiao Festival) 七夕(乞巧節)
Qixi is the Chinese Valentine's Day, a Chinese festival that celebrates the annual meeting of the Cowherd (Niulang) and the Weaving Maid (Zhinu) in Chinese mythology. It often rains on that day, which represents their tears with sorrow and happiness because they only meet once a year.
七夕也是中國的情人節，傳說牛郎織女兩星隔著銀河，每年農曆七月七日在鵲橋相會，因為一年只能見一次面，所以他們有說不清的悲傷，於是那天幾乎都會下雨，象徵兩人的淚水。
Qi Niang Ma (The Seven Star Goddess) 七娘媽
In Taiwan, July 7th of lunar calendar is also the birthday of The Seven Star Goddess (Zhinu). She is the guardians of women and children. Many sixteen-year-old children will attend a ceremony on Qixi to thank The Seven Star Goddess for her blessing of the past sixteen years, which is called “Coming-of-age Ceremony”.
在臺灣，七月七日也是「七娘媽」，也就是「織女」的誕辰。她是婦女、兒童的保護神，故在16歲當年的七夕之日，會集合眾多滿十六歲者，為七星娘娘舉辦大型祭典，感謝「七娘媽」十六年來的庇佑，稱作「做十六歲」。
In Taiwan, July 7th of lunar calendar is also the birthday of The Seven Star Goddess (Zhinu). She is the guardians of women and children. Many sixteen-year-old children will attend a ceremony on Qixi to thank The Seven Star Goddess for her blessing of the past sixteen years, which is called “Coming-of-age Ceremony”.
在臺灣，七月七日也是「七娘媽」，也就是「織女」的誕辰。她是婦女、兒童的保護神，故在16歲當年的七夕之日，會集合眾多滿十六歲者，為七星娘娘舉辦大型祭典，感謝「七娘媽」十六年來的庇佑，稱作「做十六歲」。
Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony 做十六歲
Tainan Kauilung Temple is the first temple of The Seven Star Goddess. Coming-of-age Ceremony is popular in Taiwan. Children at the age of sixteen have to go to the temple of The Seven Star Goddess to burn the joss paper and Qi Niang Ma Pavilion, which represents that they have grown up and they can earn a livelihood and take on social responsibility.
開隆宮是全台第一間七娘媽廟。台灣民間流行一種「成年禮」，即在孩子十六歲時，要到七娘媽廟燒金紙、七娘媽亭等，藉此儀式，以示孩子已經長大，象徵著可以開始分擔家計及負起社會責任的意義。
Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony is said to be related to the roustabouts of Old Five Channels Zone. There were many firms in that zone; therefore, many children under sixteen worked there. As a result, when a child turns sixteen, his family would invite the foreman and friends to celebrate; meanwhile, it also demonstrated that the child had already grown up, which could receive a complete wages as adults. As the custom has been through a long-term evolution in Tainan, Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony has had a notable difference from other Coming-of-age Ceremonies.
台南開隆宮每年七月七日的「做十六歲」，更相傳與府城五條港地區的碼頭工人有關。昔日港郊商行雲集，碼頭裝缷搬運之工作有不乏未滿十六歲的童工幫忙。故當地工人家裡孩子若屆滿十六歲時，便請來工頭及親朋歡慶，同時證明孩子長大成人，今後可領取大人的全份工資。由於做十六歲習俗在臺南經過長期演變，已與其他地區十六歲成年禮有顯著不同，成為特色文化。
Video: Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony
Tainan Kauilung Temple is the first temple of The Seven Star Goddess. Coming-of-age Ceremony is popular in Taiwan. Children at the age of sixteen have to go to the temple of The Seven Star Goddess to burn the joss paper and Qi Niang Ma Pavilion, which represents that they have grown up and they can earn a livelihood and take on social responsibility.
開隆宮是全台第一間七娘媽廟。台灣民間流行一種「成年禮」，即在孩子十六歲時，要到七娘媽廟燒金紙、七娘媽亭等，藉此儀式，以示孩子已經長大，象徵著可以開始分擔家計及負起社會責任的意義。
Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony is said to be related to the roustabouts of Old Five Channels Zone. There were many firms in that zone; therefore, many children under sixteen worked there. As a result, when a child turns sixteen, his family would invite the foreman and friends to celebrate; meanwhile, it also demonstrated that the child had already grown up, which could receive a complete wages as adults. As the custom has been through a long-term evolution in Tainan, Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony has had a notable difference from other Coming-of-age Ceremonies.
台南開隆宮每年七月七日的「做十六歲」，更相傳與府城五條港地區的碼頭工人有關。昔日港郊商行雲集，碼頭裝缷搬運之工作有不乏未滿十六歲的童工幫忙。故當地工人家裡孩子若屆滿十六歲時，便請來工頭及親朋歡慶，同時證明孩子長大成人，今後可領取大人的全份工資。由於做十六歲習俗在臺南經過長期演變，已與其他地區十六歲成年禮有顯著不同，成為特色文化。
Video: Tainan Coming-of-age Ceremony
「雷打秋，年冬高地半收，低地水漂流」
If it thunders on the day of Liqiu, the harvest of the second-phase rice paddy will be bad. As a consequence, thunder in autumn is a taboo for farmers.
立秋這一天如果打雷，對二期水稻的收成會有不好的影響。所以對農夫而言，立秋日是十分忌諱打雷的。
If it thunders on the day of Liqiu, the harvest of the second-phase rice paddy will be bad. As a consequence, thunder in autumn is a taboo for farmers.
立秋這一天如果打雷，對二期水稻的收成會有不好的影響。所以對農夫而言，立秋日是十分忌諱打雷的。
It is hot one day and cold the next in this solar term; besides, the weather is still very hot. Therefore, people should increase their time of sleep to compensate for the lack of sleep in summer time. People should also get up early to reduce thrombosis and prevent from brain thrombus.
立秋時節，天氣變化無常，早晚溫差大，白天仍然炎熱。此節氣中多增加睡眠時間，藉此補償夏日的睡眠不足。秋季適當早起，還可減少血栓形成的機會，可預防腦血栓等缺血性疾病發病。
立秋時節，天氣變化無常，早晚溫差大，白天仍然炎熱。此節氣中多增加睡眠時間，藉此補償夏日的睡眠不足。秋季適當早起，還可減少血栓形成的機會，可預防腦血栓等缺血性疾病發病。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liqiu
http://www.mdnkids.com.tw/24seasons/summer4.htm
http://theme.coa.gov.tw/100/view.php?issue=23927&id=23938
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/5/8/11/n1015261.htm
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%95
https://market.cloud.edu.tw/content/local/taipei/tpteach/holiday/c5.htm
http://7mothers.vrbyby.com.tw/scenerys.php
http://ys.timetw.com/51539.html
http://www.mdnkids.com.tw/24seasons/summer4.htm
http://theme.coa.gov.tw/100/view.php?issue=23927&id=23938
http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/5/8/11/n1015261.htm
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%95
https://market.cloud.edu.tw/content/local/taipei/tpteach/holiday/c5.htm
http://7mothers.vrbyby.com.tw/scenerys.php
http://ys.timetw.com/51539.html
